Nisga’a People Celebrate 10th Anniversary of the Nisga’a Treaty

May 11, 2010 marks the tenth anniversary of the signing of the Nisga’a Treaty. From the website set up to recognize this celebration:

Nisga'a Elders

The Nisga’a people have lived in the Nass River Valley since time immemorial. In the late 1800s, when much of Nisga’a traditional territory was declared Crown land, the Nisga’a people began petitioning government to recognize our connection to and ownership of Nisga’a territory. In 1998, a signing ceremony at New Aiyansh signalled the completion of a quarter century of negotiations and the birth of the Nisga’a Final Agreement, British Columbia’s first modern treaty.

A Nation Renewed

May 11, 2000, the Effective Date of the treaty, was a historic and triumphant day for the Nisga’a people. It marked the end of a 113-year journey-and the first steps in a new direction. On that day, the Indian Act ceased to apply to the Nisga’a people (except for the purpose of Indian registration) and, for the first time in modern history, the Nisga’a people had the legal authority to conduct our own affairs. The treaty ended the uncertainty regarding land ownership and opened the door for joint economic initiatives in the development of the Nisga’a Nation’s natural resources. It benefits all Canadians. News of the Nisga’a Final Agreement has traveled far beyond the Nass Valley-across British Columbia, Canada, and around the world. Governments and Aboriginal peoples are all watching the implementation of the treaty with keen interest.

The Nisga’a Final Agreement serves as an example. It demonstrates that governments and First Nations can, in good faith, work together to forge a more secure future for everyone.

The Minister of Norther Affairs issued the following press release to recognize this event:

Ottawa, Ontario (May 11, 2010) — The Honourable Chuck Strahl, Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians issued the following statement today: “I want to extend my congratulations to the President of the Nisga’a Lisims Government, Mr. Mitchell Stevens, and the Nisga’a people on the 10th anniversary of the effective date of the Nisga’a Final Agreement. 

This landmark agreement demonstrates the benefits that modern treaties can bring to First Nation people and their neighbours – building a solid foundation for renewed and lasting relationships and brighter futures for all concerned.

Under the treaty, the Nisga’a Lisims Government has been able to take advantage of new opportunities in the Nass Valley in areas such as forestry, eco-tourism, pine mushroom harvesting and the service sector. Since the treaty was signed, there have also been significant improvements in unemployment rates and high school graduation rates.  Canada shares in the pride of the Nisga’a Lisims Government and the Nisga’a Nation for the progress they have made and the strong relationship we have built together along the way.

The Nisga’a Final Agreement marked a new beginning for the Nisga’a people and the Nass Valley as a whole.  As the work to implement this groundbreaking treaty continues, Canada remains committed to working with the Nisga’a and the Province of British Columbia to advance our shared goals.” 

Who does the Gitxsan Treaty Society represent?

Open letter to Aboriginal Minister George Abbott & Indian Affairs Minister Chuck Straule

According to the papers you are considering the offer of the GTS (Gitxsan Treaty Society) and a handful of “Hereditary Chiefs” to give up all of Gitxsan property and treaty rights.

The people have wanted to fire this group as a bargaining agent. Yet the government continues to use taxpayer’s money to pay their wages of about $1.3 million per year.

The full letter is printed here.

Were the 2010 Winter Olympics on stolen land?

[...]

Aboriginal culture permetates the sentiment behind the Vancouver Olympics as well. The Aboriginal pavillion is among the most popular attractions, as is Canada’s Northern House, which showcases Inuit culture. The medals awarded in Vancouver are adorned with designs of an orca and raven by First Nation artist Corrine Hunt. Not to mention the official Vancouver 2010 emblem, an Inukshuk.

But there’s another perspective on Aboriginal involvement. Critics say that several of the new venues have been constructed on stolen native land.

[...]

“The venues, on the other hand, do not seem to fall into this nest of problems. My sense is that the four host nations agreed to be co-hosts of these Games. If that is so, how can anyone—non-indigenous or indigenous—criticize their choices? This is, after all, the territory of the four host nations, and so it is their will that must be respected by all.”

[...]

Read the full article here.

Tolko Industries wins order to remove First Nations blockade

Vernon, BC — The Canadian Press

A Vernon, B.C., forest company facing a First Nations blockade over logging plans has won a B.C. Supreme Court order aimed at removing the roadblock.

Tolko Industries wants to log in the Brown’s Creek area, but the Okanagan Indian Band says that could threaten its drinking water and has erected the blockage to stop any logging.

Tolko Woodlands manager Mark Tamas says the company will take the next few days to review the court’s direction and assess its next step.

The band says it will keep its blockade in place and appeal the ruling.

It would be up to the RCMP to enforce the order.

The Mounties have said they plan to talk to both sides to mediate a peaceful settlement, before taking any other action.

Another story related to this article can be read here. If pine beetle-killed trees are a threat to the area, then what impact will this have on the Okanagan Indian Band if the trees are not removed? It seems that the government should negotiate a compromise that will protect the watershed, settle the land claim, and avoid conflict where none may be necessary.

Break from economic dependency for First Nation or something else?

Two northwestern British Columbia native groups have made unprecedented moves to change their way of life, with the aim of breaking free from decades of economic dependency.

 The Nisga’a First Nation has passed a historic law allowing its citizens to own their own property, in New Aiyansh, northwest of Terrace, B.C. Meanwhile, the Gitxsan First Nation has proposed a radical alternative to treaty negotiations by shedding its Indian status.

[...]

The Nisga’a Nation is home to about 6,400 citizens. New Aiyansh is the largest of the communities of the Nisga’a First Nation, just north of Terrace, about 550 kilometres northwest of Prince George, B.C. 

Meanwhile, the Gitxsan First Nation, also located in northwestern B.C., is petitioning Ottawa to remove its Indian status. The move would mean the Gitxsan would forgo its reserve system with citizens becoming taxpaying Canadians. 

The Gitxsan’s alternative governance model, which has received much public attention over the last month, proposes abandoning the Gitxsan’s Indian status in exchange for a share of resources from their traditional land.

[...]

This last point confuses me — do the Gitxsan own the land as part of the Nisga’a Nation, and if they do own the land now then why are they unable to own all the resources from that land? This would appear to be a step backwards!? Most landowners under federal/provincial authority do not have total rights to the resources (minerals, etc.) that exists on their land, so what is the change of status the Gitxsan are trying to achieve in broader terms?

“The situation we find ourselves in is not working. There’s not much employment. The housing conditions are pretty bad. The education situation is not that good and a lot people are on welfare,” Derrick said. “Our young people are telling us that they can’t eat Gitxsan title and they can’t eat Gitxsan rights. So we need to find a way to get out of poverty.”

 When the new governance model became public earlier this month, Marjorie McRae said her phone started ringing off the hook.

[...]

Any attempt to get out of poverty is a good thing, but the dots do not seem to connect clearly from this article. I may be having a “thick-head” day, but could someone spell it out clearly?

Accurate portrayal of Aboriginal racism or missing the point?

Is this a form of racism where Aboriginal people are the racists? It is not clear what issues surround the entire episode from this editorial. The criticism may be accurate, but it would help to get more context other than a few short words taken from a letter. It cheapens the debate when the National Post editor mixes powerful imagery with little information to support his argument and glosses over what could be a much more complicated issue.

In any other Canadian context, such bald-faced racism would be illegal, not to mention a scandal of the first order. Imagine, for instance, if blacks were thrown out of a gated community on this basis — or if Jews were turfed from an apartment building by order of some neo-Nazi on the building’s management committee. Yet native bigotry against whites is somehow considered a breed apart — distinct from the “bad racism” that we otherwise deplore in the rest of society. And Kahnawake is not alone: All across Canada, band councils routinely make arbitrary decisions about who is, and who is not, permitted to live in reserve housing — often evicting people on short notice based on their native status, or even their particular clan.

Really? Raise the spectre of Neo-Nazism and attempt to draw some parallel between that and the action of the Mohawk Council of Kahnawake? It seems to me that eviction is a far cry from gas chambers and attempts at genocide, but then it is possible I am missing the point, or perhaps the National Post Editor needs to seek better arguments and stop attempting to raise the spectre of horrible atrocities committed in the past with this event now.

It is a morally perverse double standard. Yet Canadians simply take it for granted — as if it were perfectly normal, in 2010, for human beings to be thrown out of their homes because of the colour of their skin. White trumping black is evil. But red trumping white is ho hum.

For decades, the prime directive of our country’s native-policy brain trust has been to protect aboriginal culture in little cocoons called reserves — even at the cost of undermining bedrock principles encoded in our Charter of Rights and Freedoms. It’s a fool’s bargain, of course: In the end, no amount of government policy will ever prevent the eventual integration of natives into the much larger, more prosperous society that surrounds them. All our policy accomplishes is the embitterment of whites who suffer under such double-standards: the non-native residents of Caledonia, Ont., the non-native Salmon fisherman of British Columbia, and now, the non-native exiles of Kahnawake.

Perhaps there is an underlying truth in the idea that seeking justice for one group at the expense of another is not justice at all — but there is also something to be said for making certain that justice is given to a people that have suffered (and in some cases continue to suffer). Ignoring promises made in the past because it is difficult to meet those promises in the present is not an excuse to say, “whoops – we didn’t realise this was going to be difficult, sorry we have to break our promise”. It seems the National Post should turn an eye toward our current governments who could act on behalf of those people being evicted and attempt to negotiate a better solution. I am not completely aware of the agreement past governments made with the Kahnawake, but the time for the public to take action was when the original agreement was negotiated; to cry foul now because we do not like how the other party interprets the agreement seems naive.

There are a tremendous number of problems facing the west-cost salmon including impact of farmed fishing, overfishing of the existing stocks, etc. — to present all of these complex issues as somehow related specifically to Aboriginal people and racism might make good press, but it does very little for informing readers and helping the general public. There are some complex issues facing the environment, fair use, jobs and employment, and Aboriginal people in Canada. Oversimplifying or attempting to apply labels does very little in the long run other then sell papers and fuel an ignorant public into knee-jerk reaction.

Peace Dam Settlement provides closure to Tsay Keh Dene

Four decades after construction of the W.A.C. Bennett Dam created the largest body of water in B.C., the people displaced by the flooding of the Peace River valley have made their own peace with the province.Aboriginal Relations Minister George Abbott joined a delegation of BC Hydro officials Friday at the Tsay Keh Dene First Nation village at the north end of the vast reservoir, to mark the end of a dark chapter in B.C.’s history.

BC Hydro and the province have paid $20.9 million to a managed trust fund for the community, and will continue to pay $3 million a year adjusted for inflation as long as the dam produces electricity. The agreement was ratified last year by 80 per cent of Tsay Keh Dene members who voted, settling a lawsuit launched in 1999 and waiving any further legal action for the effects of the dam.

Considering that the Tsay Keh Dene’s way of life was almost completely destroyed and they fought over 40 years for justice, I think BC Hydro and British Columbia’s tax payers got pretty lucky. Read the full story here.

PR Spin or Geniune Conciliation by Sun Peaks?

Sun Peaks Resort has offered the First Nations Snowboard Team an opportunity to train at the mountain, allowing First Nations youth to bring social change into their community.

The First Nations Snowboard Team (FNST) trains each Sunday at Sun Peaks Resort with supportive sponsorship given by the resort. Sun Peaks provides season passes, equipment and repair support to six athletes from the Little Shuswap Indian Band and eight athletes from the Kamloops Indian Band. It’s the bands’ first year to join the team, starting as a recreational training at first, and aiming to race in the competitive field in a few years.

Read the full story here. No mention of the Secwepemc People or their dispute with Nippon, the Japanese owner of Sun Peaks Resort.

Tsay Keh Dene First Nation agree to Compensation for Land Taken over 40 years ago

Tsay Kay Dene First Nation had their community and much of their hunting territory taken when the W.A.C. Bennett Dam and Williston Reservoir was created. In exchange for their traditional way of life, the Tsay Kay Dene received $35,000.

Tsay Keh Dene First Nation in northern B.C. has voted yes to a final agreement with the Province and BC Hydro over the development of the Williston Reservoir and W.A.C. Bennett Dam, Aboriginal Relations and Reconciliation Minister George Abbott announced today.

“The ratification allows the Province to right a historic wrong done to the Tsay Keh Dene First Nation,” said Abbott. “It will allow them to move forward and build for a positive future, and I applaud the leadership and vision of the Chief and Council for their commitment to delivering this agreement for the benefit of the whole community.”

Eighty per cent of the Tsay Keh Dene members who voted were in favour of accepting the terms of the agreement. The ratification vote triggers settlement of the litigation against BC Hydro and the Province for the creation and operation of the W.A.C. Bennett Dam and the Williston Reservoir over 40 years ago.

You can view the entire news release here.

UPDATE: The $35,000 was compensation to the band when the dam was originally built. See the Wikipedia article and the section Impact on aboriginal people for more information.

Wild dogs attack pet in First Nation community

A woman on the Tobique First Nation reserve is calling for changes to animal control in the western New Brunswick community after her pet dog was killed by two wild dogs.

The attack prompted Caroline Ennis to seek better animal control, but she’s been told by the police, the provincial government and other agencies that nothing can be done.

There are an estimated 450 dogs running loose on the reserve where fewer than 2,000 people live.

After the attack, Ennis and her husband tried to find the dogs and their owners, but the animals vanished in the rural community.

From that day on, Ennis said she tried to get help from authorities to control the animals on the First Nation. She said an RCMP officer came to the house but he said there was nothing he could do.

“My husband said, ‘What if this had happened to a child?’ So [the officer] jumped up from the table here and he said, ‘Well, I don’t have to argue with you.’ And he walked out in a huff,” Ennis said.

See the full article here. What is going on!? Usually when a First Nation enters 3′rd party management, the goal is to correct a bad situation where finances have gone terribly wrong. Is this First Nation being treated fairly? From an earlier article it seems that they are being victimized by the Canadian government and private companies.